APFCC+-+Brouchard+et+al

APFCC: Brouchard et al

 * Theorist ** : Brouchard et al
 * Study ** **of**: Intelligence and Inheritance
 * Year ** : 1990

Used twins to investigate how much genes influenced intelligence. Used a combination of DZ twins, MZ twins and siblings. Found that identical twins had a large correlation between intelligence regardless of whether they were raised together or not.
 * Summary: **

To determine the level genetic inheritance plays on intelligence
 * Aim ** :

They completed a large cross cultural study of different twins and siblings of different genetic inheritance. The twins completed 50 hours of testing to determine their intelligence levels.
 * Procedures ** :

The same person tested twice achieved a concordance rate of 87% Dizygotic twins (together) achieved a concordance rate of 55% Biological siblings (together) achieved a rate of 47% Monozygotic twins reared together achieved a concordance rate of 86%, Monozygotic twins reared apart achieved a concordance rate of 76%,
 * Findings ** :

Identical twins have a concordance rate this is almost like they are the same person. However they have shared the same environment, it is presumed that they have had the same opportunities and support throughout their life.

Identical twins reared apart achieved a concordance rate of 76%, this is still quite high compared to Dizygotic twins who have had the same environment even though these studied twins had different environments. This goes to show that genes do play a role in determining behaviour but it is not the sole reason, there are social and cognitive functions that also affect it.
 * Conclusions: **

Not all of behaviour can be determined by physiological factors, but a range of influences such as cultural, socio and cognitive areas.
 * Criticisms ** :