224-226


 *  Physiological aspects of stress
 *  Act to prepare for fight/flight (Cannon 1914)
 *  Body's stress response is arousal, increased blood pressure & glucose to the muscles.
 *  Hans Seyle 1956
 *  Suggested the **general adaptation syndrome**
 *  Three stages.
 *  Alarm stage
 *  Fight/flight response
 *  Resistance stage
 *  Coping, attempts to reverse effects of alarm stage.
 *  Exhaustion stage
 *  Individual has been repeatedly exposed to stressors and is incapable of coping.
 *  Strength of GAS: explains the extreme fatigue people feel after long-term stress.
 *  Psychological factors only play a minor role in the model however.
 *  Long-term stress causes increase in cortisol.
 *  Cortisol linked to depression, memory problems and immune suppression through reducing T-cells.
 * <span style="direction: ltr; direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .2902in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;"> Kiecolt-Glaser 1948
 * <span style="direction: ltr; direction: ltr; direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .2902in; margin-left: .375in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;"> Analysed blood samples
 * <span style="direction: ltr; direction: ltr; direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .2902in; margin-left: .375in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;"> Volunteer medical students
 * <span style="direction: ltr; direction: ltr; direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .2902in; margin-left: .375in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;"> Looked at one month before and first day of final examination.
 * <span style="direction: ltr; direction: ltr; direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .2902in; margin-left: .375in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;"> Participants also completed scales of life events, bodily symptoms and satisfaction from personal life.
 * <span style="direction: ltr; direction: ltr; direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .2902in; margin-left: .375in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;"> Was found that second, exam blood sample had significant decrease in T-cell activity.
 * <span style="direction: ltr; direction: ltr; direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .2902in; margin-left: .375in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;"> Seen as evidence that the high stress had diminished effectiveness of immune system.
 * <span style="direction: ltr; direction: ltr; direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .2902in; margin-left: .375in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-top: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;"> Students scoring high on stressful life events lower T count than those who scored low.